Masculine-biased language. It is common to default to masculine-biased language such as mankind, manmade, manpower, chairman and congressman, and to default to "he", "him" or "his" as generic pronouns. This androcentric practice marginalizes and renders invisible other genders by reinforcing the idea that masculinity is the default or preferred. It can create mental imagery that excludes women and people of other genders. For instance, if we continue to use the term chairman then we will always create this imagery of a chair as a male or masculine figure. It also discourages other genders from applying for these roles as they may feel these positions are not intended for them.
Binary language. Binary language presumes that only two genders and two sexes exist. Gender and sex exist on a spectrum and cannot be neatly categorized into man and woman, and male and female without rendering entire groups of people invisible.
Unnecessary gender references. Avoid unnecessary gender references when describing roles. For instance, you might be tempted to describe your superior as "bossy" and blame it on her being a woman when the two are unrelated. However, gender references can be helpful when it serves to highlight issues such as inequality. As an example,
Reinforces the idea that masculinity is the default or preferred, creating mental imagery that excludes women and people of other genders.
Perpetuates stereotypes about sex and gender, limiting the potential, opportunities, and choices available to individuals.
Promotes and encourages the idea that only two genders and two sexes exist, rendering other genders invisible.
Creates barriers to accessing healthcare, social services, and full community participation.
Go genderless. Always default to a gender-neutral option whenever possible. Be conscious about binary language that implies that only two genders or sexes exist.
Embrace diversity. People are diverse. Sex and gender are diverse. Avoid assumptions about a person's gender, sexual orientation, or pronouns.
Avoid stereotypes. Don't create assumptions about a person's character based on a few characteristics.
They can be used as a singular pronoun when used to refer to a person whose gender is unknown, unspecified, irrelevant, or non-binary! The use of singular they is not a modern invention of LGBTQ+ advocates. It has been used in English literature for over 600 years! If you don't trust me, you might trust Merriam-Webster🔗 or the Oxford English Dictionary🔗.
Examples of the use of singular they in literature:
c. 1350. William and the Werewolf. ‘Each man hurried . . . till they drew near . . . where William and his darling were lying together.’
1599. Hamlet by William Shakespeare. "There's not a man I meet but doth salute me / As if I were their well-acquainted friend"
Examples of singular they in everyday language today:
Unknown gender: "Someone left their book at my office. If they come looking for it, could you please let them know that they can pick it up at the receptionist?"
Unspecified / Irrelevant: "Any employee can receive a bonus if they complete the safety training workshop."
Non-binary: "Casey is gender-fluid and they work in the accounting department."
Even the medical community has begun to adopt gender-inclusive language. When we address bodies and body parts as genderless, we respect trans and intersex people.